Distributed energy storage, a technology that arranges energy supply on the user side, integrating energy production and consumption, is gaining attention. It has various application scenarios including renewable energy, power grid dispatching, microgrids, transportation, and. Distributed generation, also distributed energy, on-site generation (OSG), or district/decentralized energy, is electrical generation and storage performed by a variety of small, grid -connected or distribution system-connected devices referred to as distributed energy resources (DER). Distributed front-of-the-meter batteries can enhance capacity, defer infrastructure upgrades, and improve reliability through coordinated planning and operational integration. When deployed. NLR is leading research efforts on distributed energy resource management systems so utilities can efficiently manage consumer electricity demand.